{"id":2433,"date":"2025-12-09T11:42:25","date_gmt":"2025-12-09T03:42:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.madbull.site\/?p=2433"},"modified":"2025-12-09T11:42:25","modified_gmt":"2025-12-09T03:42:25","slug":"%e5%88%a4%e6%96%ad%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e6%98%afbios%e8%bf%98%e6%98%afuefi%e5%90%af%e5%8a%a8%e6%96%b9%e5%bc%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.madbull.site\/?p=2433","title":{"rendered":"\u5224\u65ad\u7cfb\u7edf\u662fBIOS\u8fd8\u662fUEFI\u542f\u52a8\u65b9\u5f0f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u5224\u65ad\u4f60\u7684 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 BIOS\uff08\u4f20\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\uff09<\/strong> \u8fd8\u662f UEFI\uff08\u7edf\u4e00\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u56fa\u4ef6\u63a5\u53e3\uff09<\/strong> \u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

\u2705 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5 \/sys\/firmware\/efi<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u6700\u63a8\u8350\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
ls \/sys\/firmware\/efi<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • \u5982\u679c\u76ee\u5f55\u5b58\u5728\u4e14\u80fd\u5217\u51fa\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong> \u2192 \u7cfb\u7edf\u662f UEFI \u542f\u52a8<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u5982\u679c\u63d0\u793a No such file or directory<\/code><\/strong> \u2192 \u7cfb\u7edf\u662f BIOS\uff08Legacy\uff09\u542f\u52a8<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \n
    \ud83d\udca1 \u539f\u7406\uff1aLinux \u5185\u6838\u5728 UEFI \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u6302\u8f7d EFI \u56fa\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f\u5230 \/sys\/firmware\/efi<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    \u2705 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 efibootmgr<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    sudo efibootmgr<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • \u5982\u679c\u8f93\u51fa\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong>\uff1a BootCurrent: 0001 Timeout: 1 seconds BootOrder: 0001,0002 Boot0001* ubuntu Boot0002* Windows Boot Manager<\/code> \u2192 \u8bf4\u660e\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u5e76\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 UEFI<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u5982\u679c\u62a5\u9519<\/strong>\uff1a EFI variables are not supported on this system.<\/code> \u2192 \u8bf4\u660e\u662f BIOS \u542f\u52a8<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \n
      \u26a0\ufe0f \u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u67d0\u4e9b BIOS \u7cfb\u7edf\u5373\u4f7f\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86 efibootmgr<\/code> \u4e5f\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6b63\u5e38\u73b0\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      \u2705 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e09\uff1a\u67e5\u770b \/boot<\/code> \u5206\u533a\u662f\u5426\u6709 EFI \u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      UEFI \u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u5e38\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a FAT32 \u683c\u5f0f\u7684 EFI \u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u533a\uff08ESP\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u6302\u8f7d\u5728 \/boot\/efi<\/code> \u6216\u5355\u72ec\u6302\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      mount | grep efi<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u6216<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      ls \/boot\/efi\/EFI\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • \u5982\u679c\u770b\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c ubuntu\/<\/code>, centos\/<\/code>, Microsoft\/<\/code> \u7b49\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55 \u2192 UEFI<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u5982\u679c \/boot\/efi<\/code> \u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6216\u4e3a\u7a7a \u2192 \u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f BIOS<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n\n
        \u2705 \u65b9\u6cd5\u56db\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5 GRUB \u5b89\u88c5\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u5224\u65ad\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • BIOS \u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong>\uff1aGRUB \u5b89\u88c5\u5728 MBR\uff08\u4e3b\u5f15\u5bfc\u8bb0\u5f55\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f \/dev\/sda<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • UEFI \u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong>\uff1aGRUB \u5b89\u88c5\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a EFI \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/strong>\uff0c\u8def\u5f84\u5982\uff1a <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          \/boot\/efi\/EFI\/ubuntu\/grubx64.efi<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          ls \/boot\/efi\/EFI\/*\/grub*.efi<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u5982\u679c\u6709\u8f93\u51fa \u2192 UEFI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          \u2705 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e94\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 dmesg<\/code> \u67e5\u770b\u5185\u6838\u542f\u52a8\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          dmesg | grep -i \"efi\\|bios\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • \u51fa\u73b0 EFI v2.xx by ...<\/code> \u2192 UEFI<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u51fa\u73b0 BIOS-provided physical RAM map<\/code> \u4f46\u65e0 EFI \u4fe1\u606f \u2192 BIOS<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            \u793a\u4f8b\uff08UEFI\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            [    0.000000] EFI v2.70 by EDK II\n[    0.000000] efi: ACPI=0x..., SMBIOS=0x...<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            \n\n\n\n
            \ud83d\udccc \u5feb\u901f\u603b\u7ed3\u8868<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
            \u5224\u65ad\u65b9\u6cd5<\/th>UEFI \u7cfb\u7edf<\/th>BIOS \u7cfb\u7edf<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
            ls \/sys\/firmware\/efi<\/code><\/td>\u2705 \u5b58\u5728<\/td>\u274c \u4e0d\u5b58\u5728<\/td><\/tr>
            efibootmgr<\/code><\/td>\u2705 \u6b63\u5e38\u8f93\u51fa<\/td>\u274c \u62a5\u9519<\/td><\/tr>
            ls \/boot\/efi\/EFI\/<\/code><\/td>\u2705 \u6709\u5185\u5bb9<\/td>\u274c \u65e0\u6216\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728<\/td><\/tr>
            \u542f\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f<\/td>\u4f7f\u7528 .efi<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\u4f7f\u7528 MBR + boot sector<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
            \n\n\n\n
            \ud83d\udca1 \u989d\u5916\u63d0\u793a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • \u865a\u62df\u673a\u7528\u6237<\/strong>\uff1aVMware\u3001VirtualBox\u3001QEMU\/KVM \u9ed8\u8ba4\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528 BIOS\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u624b\u52a8\u5207\u6362\u4e3a UEFI\uff08\u9700\u542f\u7528 OVMF\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • \u53cc\u542f\u52a8\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong>\uff08Windows + Linux\uff09\uff1aWindows \u81ea Win8 \u8d77\u5f3a\u5236 UEFI\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u7c7b\u673a\u5668\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u662f UEFI\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • \u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\uff08AWS EC2\u3001\u963f\u91cc\u4e91\u7b49\uff09\uff1a\u5927\u591a\u6570\u73b0\u4ee3\u5b9e\u4f8b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528 UEFI<\/strong>\uff08\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e Nitro\u3001AEP \u7b49\u65b0\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              \n\n\n\n
              \u2705 \u63a8\u8350\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong>\uff1a
              \u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5373\u53ef\u5feb\u901f\u5224\u65ad\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              [ -d \/sys\/firmware\/efi ] && echo \"UEFI\" || echo \"BIOS\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
              \u7ed3\u679c\u4e00\u76ee\u4e86\u7136\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
              \u5224\u65ad\u4f60\u7684 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 BIOS\uff08\u4f20\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\uff09 \u8fd8\u662f UEFI\uff08\u7edf\u4e00\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u56fa\u4ef6\u63a5\u53e3\uff09 \u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u7b80\u5355 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":450,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"wp-custom-template-my","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[135,131],"tags":[707,237,708,19],"class_list":["post-2433","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-linux","category-131","tag-bios","tag-linux","tag-uefi","tag-19"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madbull.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2433","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madbull.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madbull.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madbull.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madbull.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2433"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.madbull.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2433\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2434,"href":"https:\/\/www.madbull.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2433\/revisions\/2434"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madbull.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/450"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madbull.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2433"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madbull.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2433"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madbull.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2433"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}